Table 1. Baseline characteristics of adults in Community Health Survey, 2009-2021

Number of participants, n (%)
Total 2009-2011 2012-2014 2015-2017 2018-2019 2020-2021
Age, years
 19-39 746,572 (26.3) 201,994 (30.6) 178,942 (27.6) 166,143 (25.4) 98,128 (22.8) 101,365 (22.6)
 40-59 1,101,580 (38.8) 264,883 (40.2) 265,428 (41.0) 255,822 (39.0) 157,112 (36.5) 158,335 (35.2)
 ≥ 60 994,279 (35.0) 192,515 (29.2) 203,458 (31.4) 233,219 (35.6) 175,431 (40.7) 189,656 (42.2)
 Sex
 Male 1,320,239 (46.4) 308,761 (46.8) 302,743 (46.7) 303,856 (46.4) 197,849 (45.9) 207,030 (46.1)
 Female 1,522,192 (53.6) 350,631 (53.2) 345,085 (53.3) 351,328 (53.6) 232,822 (54.1) 242,326 (53.9)
Region of residence
 Urban 1,400,118 (49.3) 322,476 (48.9) 322,752 (49.8) 323,399 (49.4) 212,278 (49.3) 219,213 (48.8)
 Rural 1,442,313 (50.7) 336,916 (51.1) 325,076 (50.2) 331,785 (50.6) 218,393 (50.7) 230,143 (51.2)
Monthly income
< 3 million won 1,240,696 (43.6) 276,633 (42.0) 282,412 (43.6) 349,813 (53.4) 162,942 (37.8) 168,896 (37.6)
 ≥3 million won 1,103,691 (38.8) 186,409 (28.3) 239,772 (37.0) 299,322 (45.7) 191,229 (44.4) 186,959 (41.6)
 Unknown 498,044 (17.5) 196,350 (29.8) 125,644 (19.4) 6049 (0.9) 76,500 (17.8) 93,501 (20.8)
Current smoking status
 No 2,283,921 (80.4) 508,517 (77.1) 510,832 (78.9) 533,308 (81.4) 355,777 (82.6) 375,487 (83.6)
 Yes 558,510 (19.6) 150,875 (22.9) 136,996 (21.1) 121,876 (18.6) 74,894 (17.4) 73,869 (16.4)
Alcohol consumption, days/month
 0 1,350,954 (47.5) 317,491 (48.1) 303,185 (46.8) 304,665 (22.1) 210,045 (48.8) 215,568 (48.0)
 1-4 833,378 (29.3) 203,369 (30.8) 201,152 (31.1) 202,627 (30.9) 126,831 (29.4) 99,399 (22.1)
 5-30 658,099 (23.2) 138,532 (21.0) 143,491 (22.1) 147,892 (22.6) 93,795 (29.4) 134,389 (29.9)
BMI group, kg/m2
 Under and normal (<23.0) 1,382,130 (48.6) 348,242 (52.8) 331,198 (51.1) 317,195 (48.5) 183,003 (42.5) 202,492 (45.1)
 Over and obese (≥23.0) 1,460,301 (51.4) 311,150 (47.1) 316,630 (48.9) 337,989 (51.6) 247,668 (57.5) 246,864 (54.9)
Occupational group
 White-collar 560,735 (19.7) 123,918 (18.8) 130,035 (20.1) 132,609 (20.2) 84,139 (19.5) 90,034 (20.0)
 Blue-collar 1,226,498 (43.1) 275,920 (41.8) 285,753 (44.1) 289,735 (44.2) 186,641 (43.3) 188,449 (41.9)
 Unknown 1,055,198 (37.1) 259,554 (39.4) 232,040 (35.8) 232,840 (35.5) 159,891 (37.1) 170,873 (38.0)
Education
 ≤High school 1,818,688 (64.0) 443,971 (67.3) 417,839 (64.5) 411,419 (62.8) 271,481 (63.0) 273,978 (61.0)
 ≥College 1,023,743 (36.0) 215,421 (32.7) 229,989 (35.5) 243,765 (37.2) 159,190 (37.0) 175,378 (39.0)
Marital status
 Married 1,993,239 (70.1) 473,058 (71.7) 465,832 (71.9) 459,194 (70.1) 297,013 (69.0) 298,142 (66.3)
 Single 849,192 (29.9) 186,334 (28.3) 181,996 (28.1) 195,990 (29.9) 133,658 (31.0) 151,214 (33.7)
Sadness status
 No 2,669,749 (93.9) 619,656 (94.0) 609,600 (94.1) 614,335 (93.8) 405,436 (94.1) 420,722 (93.6)
 Yes 172,682 (6.1) 39,736 (6.0) 38,228 (5.9) 40,849 (6.2) 25,235 (5.9) 28,634 (6.4)
Counseling for sadness
 No 2,810,464 (98.9) 653,189 (99.1) 641,411 (99.0) 647,824 (98.9) 425,359 (98.8) 442,681 (98.5)
 Yes 31,967 (1.1) 6,203 (0.9) 6,417 (1.0) 7,360 (1.1) 5,312 (1.2) 6,675 (1.5)
Sleep time, hours/day, mean (SD) 6.65 (1.25) 6.71 (1.25) 6.63 (1.23) 6.56 (1.23) 6.63 (1.26) 6.77 (1.27)
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval.